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Measles Awareness
Learn the Facts About Measles and Prevention
Measles (Rubeola) is a contagious viral illness that affects the respiratory system. It spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Once the virus enters the body, it infects the nose, throat, and lungs before spreading throughout the body. While measles is uncommon, cases have increased. Staying informed helps you and those around you make confident health decisions and supports a healthier community.
If you are unsure whether you or your child received the MMR vaccine, check immunization records or talk with a health care provider. They can review records, answer questions, and recommend next steps if needed.
If you think you or your child may have measles symptoms, call your health care provider before seeking care.
Calling ahead helps providers share next steps and take steps to reduce the chance of spreading illness to others.
Building Protection Before Exposure
The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is the most effective way to protect against measles. Because measles is caused by a virus, antibiotics do not work. Vaccination and early awareness are key steps in reducing risk.
The MMR vaccine is given in two doses and helps the body build protection before exposure. Two doses provide about 97% protection against measles and also protect against mumps and rubella. Most people who receive both doses are protected for life.
Vaccination helps protect you or your child and also supports infants, older adults, and others who may not be able to be vaccinated. The MMR vaccine has been used safely for decades and is part of the routine childhood immunization schedule.
The self-guided quiz below helps you learn about measles immunity. It is for education only and does not replace medical advice. Your health care provider is the best source for guidance on measles immunity.
Trusted Resources
The North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services (NCDHHS) shares current guidance, educational materials, and updates related to measles and vaccination.
Explore NCDHHS Measles Information and Resources Now
Additional fact sheets, toolkits, and vaccine information are also available through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Explore CDC Measles Information and Resources Now
Know the Signs and Take Action to Protect Others
Measles spreads easily. A person can spread the virus up to four days before a rash appears and for four days after it begins. The virus can also stay in the air for up to two hours after an infected person leaves a room. If you or your child has suspected or confirmed measles, stay home to help protect others. Avoid school, work, stores, and social visits. Do not have visitors at your home while there is a fever or rash.
Symptoms usually begin 7 to 14 days after exposure but may take up to 21 days to appear. Early symptoms can feel similar to a cold or flu.
- Fever
- Cough
- Runny nose
- Red or watery eyes
- Sometimes, small white spots called Koplik spots appear inside the mouth
- A rash that usually starts on the face or head and spreads to the torso, arms, and legs
Seek medical advice right away if symptoms become more serious, including:
- A fever that is very high or does not improve
- Difficulty breathing or fast breathing
- Signs of dehydration, such as little or no urination or a dry mouth
- Unusual sleepiness, confusion, or trouble staying awake
- Symptoms that get worse instead of better